ubuntu-server LAMP的精典搭配
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| OKLinux www.oklinux.cn 2007-05-10 来源： 会员收藏 游客收藏 |
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大老走了后,我看着他配的服务器,两个月以来,没出过什么毛病,但老板突然要求装一个低版本的mysql,我就只好装了,没想到这一装,系统给装没了.在此我主要说一下可能出现的问题.
linux下面各版本的软件一般来说有很强有依赖关系,如果处理不好,就可能引起软件间不兼容的问题,轻则系统不稳定,重则系统崩溃,我到是不觉得装软件能轻易的送掉一个系统,但一定得注意同种软件的不同版本最后不要放在一块,这样可能的后果,有兴趣的冒险者可以做个测试,然后也给后来者一点提示.
我的系统没了的原因可能是: 在我装之前,我把系统整个做了个备分,包括后来我认为可能是祸首/boot文件,启初我认为没什么了不起,有备分可以放手删除系统里的一些软件,然后在装别的版本,事实上开始的几次的确如此,虽然软件没装上,但系统还原后仍可以使用,直到前后晚上3点左右,我把系统还回去后,就在也起不来了,机器在老远的机房,第二天一早我才去,发现grub无法启动,其实系统并不一定有问题,但grub无法启动,这问题可就麻烦了,老板很着急,我也很无奈,系统盘不在我这里,有一张liveCD我服务器上有出奇的不能使 ,还好我有一个ubuntu-server版的ISO文件马上刻录,再装上,就这样,我重新配制了这台服务器,实际上是ubuntu-server做的太人性化, 几乎不用怎么操作apache+mysql+php环境就起来了,但除mysql外,其它两个的配制文件是要做一定的修改的,否则可能就不好使用了.以下是我做的一些修改,附于此主要是为方便日后自己还用的上.
apache2.conf配制文件(这以别的版本还不一样,它的文件是归类放置,下面有个README.TXT,你可以从中了解信息)
# Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.
# Changed extensively for the Debian package by Daniel Stone <[email protected]>
# and also by Thom May <[email protected]>.
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)
# mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation
# (available at <URL:http://www.apache.org/docs/mod/core.html#lockfile>);
# you will save yourself a lot of trouble.
ServerRoot "/etc/apache2"
# The LockFile directive sets the path to the lockfile used when Apache
# is compiled with either USE_FCNTL_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT or
# USE_FLOCK_SERIALIZED_ACCEPT. This directive should normally be left at
# its default value. The main reason for changing it is if the logs
# directory is NFS mounted, since the lockfile MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL
# DISK. The PID of the main server process is automatically appended to
# the filename.
LockFile /var/lock/apache2/accept.lock
# PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process
# identification number when it starts.
PidFile /var/run/apache2.pid
# Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.
Timeout 120 ##这里默认是300
# KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than
# one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.
KeepAlive On
# MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow
# during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.
# We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.
MaxKeepAliveRequests 100
# KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the
# same client on the same connection.
KeepAliveTimeout 15
##
## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific)
##
# prefork MPM
# StartServers ......... number of server processes to start
# MinSpareServers ...... minimum number of server processes which are kept spare# MaxSpareServers ...... maximum number of server processes which are kept spare# MaxClients ........... maximum number of server processes allowed to start
# MaxRequestsPerChild .. maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule prefork.c>
StartServers 10 ##这里如果按默认设置,服务慢的很伤心,可以按你的机器配制
MinSpareServers 5 ##做一定修改
MaxSpareServers 20
MaxClients 256
MaxRequestsPerChild 4000
</IfModule>
# pthread MPM
# StartServers ......... initial number of server processes to start
# MaxClients ........... maximum number of server processes allowed to start
# MinSpareThreads ...... minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# MaxSpareThreads ...... maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# ThreadsPerChild ...... constant number of worker threads in each server process
# MaxRequestsPerChild .. maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule worker.c>
StartServers 2
MaxClients 250
MinSpareThreads 25
MaxSpareThreads 75
ThreadsPerChild 25
MaxRequestsPerChild 0
</IfModule>
# perchild MPM
# NumServers ........... constant number of server processes
# StartThreads ......... initial number of worker threads in each server process
# MinSpareThreads ...... minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# MaxSpareThreads ...... maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# MaxThreadsPerChild ... maximum number of worker threads in each server process
# MaxRequestsPerChild .. maximum number of connections per server process (then it dies)
<IfModule perchild.c>
NumServers 5
StartThreads 5
MinSpareThreads 5
MaxSpareThreads 10
MaxThreadsPerChild 20
MaxRequestsPerChild 0
AcceptMutex fcntl
</IfModule>
User www-data
Group www-data
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
# a CustomLog directive (see below).
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common
LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer
LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent
# Global error log.
ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log
# Include module configuration:
Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.load
Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.conf
# Include all the user configurations:
Include /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
# Include ports listing
Include /etc/apache2/ports.conf
# Include generic snippets of statements
Include /etc/apache2/conf.d/[^.#]*
#Let's have some Icons, shall we?
Alias /icons/ "/usr/share/apache2/icons/"
<Directory "/usr/share/apache2/icons">
Options Indexes MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
# Set up the default error docs.
#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
#
#
# Putting this all together, we can Internationalize error responses.
#
# We use Alias to redirect any /error/HTTP_<error>.html.var response to
# our collection of by-error message multi-language collections. We use
# includes to substitute the appropriate text.
#
# You can modify the messages' appearance without changing any of the
# default HTTP_<error>.html.var files by adding the line;
#
# Alias /error/include/ "/your/include/path/"
#
# which allows you to create your own set of files by starting with the
# /usr/local/apache2/error/include/ files and
# copying them to /your/include/path/, even on a per-VirtualHost basis.
#
<IfModule mod_negotiation.c>
<IfModule mod_include.c>
Alias /error/ "/usr/share/apache2/error/"
<Directory "/usr/share/apache2/error">
AllowOverride None
Options IncludesNoExec
AddOutputFilter Includes html
AddHandler type-map var
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
LanguagePriority en es de fr
ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback
</Directory>
ErrorDocument 400 /error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var
ErrorDocument 401 /error/HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED.html.var
ErrorDocument 403 /error/HTTP_FORBIDDEN.html.var
ErrorDocument 404 /error/HTTP_NOT_FOUND.html.var
ErrorDocument 405 /error/HTTP_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.html.var
ErrorDocument 408 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_TIME_OUT.html.var
ErrorDocument 410 /error/HTTP_GONE.html.var
ErrorDocument 411 /error/HTTP_LENGTH_REQUIRED.html.var
ErrorDocument 412 /error/HTTP_PRECONDITION_FAILED.html.var
ErrorDocument 413 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE.html.var
ErrorDocument 414 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LARGE.html.var
ErrorDocument 415 /error/HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE.html.var
ErrorDocument 500 /error/HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.html.var
ErrorDocument 501 /error/HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED.html.var
ErrorDocument 502 /error/HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY.html.var
ErrorDocument 503 /error/HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE.html.var
ErrorDocument 506 /error/HTTP_VARIANT_ALSO_VARIES.html.var
</IfModule>
</IfModule>
DirectoryIndex index.html index.cgi index.pl index.php index.xhtml index.htm
# UserDir is now a module
#UserDir public_html
#UserDir disabled root
#<Directory /home/*/public_html>
# AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
# Options Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec
#</Directory>
AccessFileName .htaccess
<Files ~ "^\.ht">
Order allow,deny
Deny from all
</Files>
UseCanonicalName Off
TypesConfig /etc/mime.types
DefaultType text/plain
HostnameLookups Off
IndexOptions FancyIndexing VersionSort
AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip
AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/*
AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/*
AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/*
AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/*
# This really should be .jpg.
AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exe
AddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqx
AddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tar
AddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .iv
AddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zip
AddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .eps
AddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdf
AddIcon /icons/text.gif .txt
AddIcon /icons/c.gif .c
AddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .py
AddIcon /icons/f.gif .for
AddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dvi
AddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uu
AddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tcl
AddIcon /icons/tex.gif .tex
AddIcon /icons/bomb.gif core
AddIcon /icons/back.gif ..
AddIcon /icons/hand.right.gif README
AddIcon /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^
AddIcon /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^
# This is from Matty J's patch. Anyone want to make the icons?
#AddIcon /icons/dirsymlink.jpg ^^SYMDIR^^
#AddIcon /icons/symlink.jpg ^^SYMLINK^^
DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gif
ReadmeName README.html
HeaderName HEADER.html
IndexIgnore .??* *~ *# HEADER* RCS CVS *,t
AddEncoding x-compress Z
AddEncoding x-gzip gz tgz
AddLanguage da .dk
AddLanguage nl .nl
AddLanguage en .en
AddLanguage et .et
AddLanguage fr .fr
AddLanguage de .de
AddLanguage el .el
AddLanguage it .it
AddLanguage ja .ja
AddLanguage pl .po
AddLanguage ko .ko
AddLanguage pt .pt
AddLanguage no .no
AddLanguage pt-br .pt-br
AddLanguage ltz .ltz
AddLanguage ca .ca
AddLanguage es .es
AddLanguage sv .se
AddLanguage cz .cz
AddLanguage ru .ru
AddLanguage tw .tw
AddLanguage zh-tw .tw
LanguagePriority en da nl et fr de el it ja ko no pl pt pt-br ltz ca es sv tw
#AddDefaultCharset ISO-8859-1 ##默认是这个,但中文往往会因些出现乱码,
#Add by chenheng
AddDefaultCharset gb2312 ##我选择了这个
AddCharset ISO-8859-1 .iso8859-1 .latin1
AddCharset ISO-8859-2 .iso8859-2 .latin2 .cen
AddCharset ISO-8859-3 .iso8859-3 .latin3
AddCharset ISO-8859-4 .iso8859-4 .latin4
AddCharset ISO-8859-5 .iso8859-5 .latin5 .cyr .iso-ru
AddCharset ISO-8859-6 .iso8859-6 .latin6 .arb
AddCharset ISO-8859-7 .iso8859-7 .latin7 .grk
AddCharset ISO-8859-8 .iso8859-8 .latin8 .heb
AddCharset ISO-8859-9 .iso8859-9 .latin9 .trk
AddCharset ISO-2022-JP .iso2022-jp .jis
AddCharset ISO-2022-KR .iso2022-kr .kis
AddCharset ISO-2022-CN .iso2022-cn .cis
AddCharset Big5 .Big5 .big5
# For russian, more than one charset is used (depends on client, mostly):
AddCharset WINDOWS-1251 .cp-1251 .win-1251
AddCharset CP866 .cp866
AddCharset KOI8-r .koi8-r .koi8-ru
AddCharset KOI8-ru .koi8-uk .ua
AddCharset ISO-10646-UCS-2 .ucs2
AddCharset ISO-10646-UCS-4 .ucs4
AddCharset UTF-8 .utf8
AddCharset GB2312 .gb2312 .gb
AddCharset utf-7 .utf7
AddCharset utf-8 .utf8
AddCharset big5 .big5 .b5
AddCharset EUC-TW .euc-tw
AddCharset EUC-JP .euc-jp
AddCharset EUC-KR .euc-kr
AddCharset shift_jis .sjis
#AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
#AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
AddType application/x-tar .tgz
# To use CGI scripts outside /cgi-bin/:
#
#AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
# To use server-parsed HTML files
#
<FilesMatch "\.shtml(\..+)?$">
SetOutputFilter INCLUDES
</FilesMatch>
# If you wish to use server-parsed imagemap files, use
#
#AddHandler imap-file map
BrowserMatch "Mozilla/2" nokeepalive
BrowserMatch "MSIE 4\.0b2;" nokeepalive downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
BrowserMatch "RealPlayer 4\.0" force-response-1.0
BrowserMatch "Java/1\.0" force-response-1.0
BrowserMatch "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0
#
# The following directive disables redirects on non-GET requests for
# a directory that does not include the trailing slash. This fixes a
# problem with Microsoft WebFolders which does not appropriately handle
# redirects for folders with DAV methods.
#
BrowserMatch "Microsoft Data Access Internet Publishing Provider" redirect-carefully
BrowserMatch "^WebDrive" redirect-carefully
BrowserMatch "^gnome-vfs" redirect-carefully
BrowserMatch "^WebDAVFS/1.[012]" redirect-carefully
# Allow server status reports, with the URL of http://servername/server-status
# Change the ".your_domain.com" to match your domain to enable.
#
#<Location /server-status>
# SetHandler server-status
# Order deny,allow
# Deny from all
# Allow from .your_domain.com
#</Location>
# Allow remote server configuration reports, with the URL of
# http://servername/server-info (requires that mod_info.c be loaded).
# Change the ".your_domain.com" to match your domain to enable.
#
# Allow server status reports, with the URL of http://servername/server-status
# Change the ".your_domain.com" to match your domain to enable.
#
#<Location /server-status>
# SetHandler server-status
# Order deny,allow
# Deny from all
# Allow from .your_domain.com
#</Location>
# Allow remote server configuration reports, with the URL of
# http://servername/server-info (requires that mod_info.c be loaded).
# Change the ".your_domain.com" to match your domain to enable.
#
#<Location /server-info>
# SetHandler server-info
# Order deny,allow
# Deny from all
# Allow from .your_domain.com
#</Location>
# Include the virtual host configurations:
Include /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/[^.#]*
其它设置我没改,如此能服务器上跑起来还很可以
sites-available/default(这里是虚拟主机的设置)
#NameVirtualHost *
#add by chenheng
NameVirtualHost 202.194.132.241
<VirtualHost *>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /home/chenheng
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
<Directory /home/chenheng/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
allow from all
# Uncomment this directive is you want to see apache2's
# default start page (in /apache2-default) when you go to /
#RedirectMatch ^/$ /apache2-default/
</Directory>
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
<Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None
Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
LogLevel warn
CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined
ServerSignature On
Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/"
<Directory "/usr/share/doc/">
Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
####在此你可以设置虚拟主机的信息
#add by chenheng
<VirtualHost 202.194.132.241>
DocumentRoot /home/chenheng/www
Servername www.chenheng.com
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost ***>
DocumentRoot ***
Servername ***
</VirtualHost>
apache我就只做了这么些修改,它已经能很好的跑起来了,至于安全问题,我还有待于学习研究!
php.in暂时只有两处我做了修改,我记不住怎么写的,大意是全局变量设置为On
以上为ubuntu-server-6.06上的设置,仅供个人参考!!!! |
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